Which tastes are most affected by changes in taste sensitivity with aging?

As individuals age, their sensitivity to certain tastes typically diminishes, particularly toward salty and umami flavors. Research has shown that older adults often report a decreased ability to perceive these tastes, which can lead to changes in dietary preferences and possibly impact nutritional intake.

The decline in sensitivity to salty flavors can result in the overuse of salt in cooking to achieve the desired flavor, while reduced umami perception may affect cravings for protein-rich foods that are vital for maintaining muscle mass and overall health in the elderly.

In contrast, sensitivity to sweet tastes tends to remain relatively intact in older adults, meaning they can still enjoy and recognize sweet flavors well, making option C the most accurate. Sour and sweet tastes do not exhibit the same degree of sensitivity loss in aging populations. Thus, understanding these changes is crucial for dietary planning and ensuring adequate nutrition in older adults.