Which of the following nutrients can be linked to anemia when deficient, aside from iron?

Folate is essential for the production of red blood cells and for the synthesis of DNA. When there is a deficiency in folate, it can lead to megaloblastic anemia, a condition characterized by the production of larger than normal red blood cells that are often ineffective in transporting oxygen. This is particularly important in populations at risk, such as the elderly, who may have increased needs or decreased intake of folate-rich foods.

Megaloblastic anemia can present with symptoms similar to those of iron deficiency anemia, such as fatigue and weakness, but the underlying causes and treatments differ. Ensuring an adequate intake of folate, along with other B vitamins like B12, is crucial in preventing the development of this type of anemia. This makes folate a significant nutrient to consider when evaluating nutritional status and health, particularly in older adults.

Other nutrients listed may have important roles in overall health but are not directly linked to anemia in the same way that folate is. For example, while calcium is vital for bone health and various physiological functions, it does not play a direct role in red blood cell production. Omega-3 fatty acids contribute to heart health and inflammation reduction, and vitamin D is essential for bone health and immune function, but