Which of the following may cause hypomagnesemia in enterally fed patients?

Hypomagnesemia, characterized by low serum magnesium levels, can be influenced by various medications, particularly in patients receiving enteral nutrition. Each of the listed choices involves medications known to affect magnesium levels in the body.

Amphotericin and Cyclosporine are both medications that can lead to losing magnesium through renal mechanisms. Amphotericin is known to cause renal toxicity, which can lead to decreased reabsorption of magnesium in the kidneys, resulting in hypomagnesemia. Cyclosporine also affects the kidneys and can impair magnesium handling, further contributing to low magnesium levels.

Diuretics, particularly loop and thiazide diuretics, are notorious for causing electrolyte imbalances, including hypomagnesemia. They increase the excretion of magnesium in the urine. Cisplatin, a chemotherapeutic agent, can also lead to renal loss of magnesium, compounding the risk in patients undergoing enteral feeding.

Ciprofloxacin and Probenecid have less direct and documented effects on magnesium levels compared to the aforementioned medications, but Probenecid, in particular, can interfere with renal tubular function, which may indirectly affect magnesium levels.

By recognizing that all the medications listed may play a role in causing hypomagnesemia