Which of the following is NOT a category of malnutrition?

The classification of malnutrition is typically based on the underlying causes and context in which nutritional deficiencies or excesses occur. The categories recognized by organizations such as the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics include starvation-related malnutrition, chronic disease-related malnutrition, and acute disease/injury-related malnutrition.

Starvation-related malnutrition occurs in situations where there is an overall lack of caloric intake, such as in famine or severe food restriction. Chronic disease-related malnutrition affects individuals with long-standing health conditions that create metabolic demands, leading to nutrient depletion despite adequate caloric intake. Acute disease/injury-related malnutrition is seen in individuals experiencing a sudden change in their health status, such as surgery or severe infection, which can significantly alter their nutritional needs and intake.

Excessive intake is not categorized as malnutrition because malnutrition specifically refers to deficiencies or imbalances in nutrient intake rather than an excess of nutrients. While excessive intake can lead to conditions like obesity or certain nutrient toxicities, it does not fall within the established categories of malnutrition, which focus on inadequate or imbalanced nutrient consumption. This distinction is crucial for understanding and managing nutritional issues, especially in gerontological practice, where it’s important to address both undernutrition and the impact of chronic