Which drugs can interact with potassium?

Diuretics and ethanol are known to interact with potassium, making this the correct choice. Certain diuretics, particularly thiazide and loop diuretics, can lead to increased potassium excretion, causing a condition known as hypokalemia. This is especially concerning in older adults, who may already be at risk for electrolyte imbalances. Ethanol can also affect potassium levels, as it has the potential to lead to dehydration and contribute to electrolyte disturbances.

In contrast, while other combinations in the options involve various medications, they do not have the same direct and notable impact on potassium levels as diuretics and ethanol. Penicillamine is primarily used to treat conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and copper overload but does not significantly impact potassium. Similarly, levodopa and methyldopa are medications used for neurological and hypertension management, respectively, and they do not have significant interactions with potassium. Understanding these interactions is essential for managing the health of older adults, who often take multiple medications.