Which condition is likely to cause an increase in triglyceride levels?

Diabetes Mellitus is associated with an increase in triglyceride levels due to the dysregulation of lipid metabolism that occurs in this condition. When individuals have diabetes, particularly type 2, there is often insulin resistance, which leads to elevated glucose levels in the blood. High glucose levels can increase the production of fatty acids in the liver, which subsequently raises the levels of triglycerides as they are stored for energy or lipoprotein transport.

Hyperthyroidism, on the other hand, generally leads to an increased metabolic rate and lipid utilization, often resulting in lower triglyceride levels. Glycogen Storage Disease primarily affects glycogen metabolism, which does not have a direct impact on triglyceride levels. Gout is primarily a disorder related to uric acid metabolism and does not typically affect triglyceride metabolism directly.

Thus, of the given options, Diabetes Mellitus is the condition most likely linked to increased triglyceride levels due to its effects on insulin resistance and fat metabolism.