Define involuntary weight loss per CMS criteria.

Involuntary weight loss, according to the criteria set by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), is defined as a 5% loss in body weight over a 30-day period or a 10% loss over a 180-day period. This definition is critical in gerontological nutrition practice because it helps healthcare providers identify individuals who may be at risk for malnutrition or other health issues due to significant weight changes. Such criteria ensure early intervention and proper nutritional assessment for older adults, who are particularly vulnerable to the consequences of malnutrition. Understanding these standards is essential for professionals working with elderly populations to promote better health outcomes.

Other provided answer choices contain different percentages or time frames that do not align with CMS guidelines, thereby not accurately reflecting the standards for involuntary weight loss as defined by this respected authority. This reinforces the importance of using established guidelines to identify and address nutritional risks in older adults.